In the Netherlands we tag everything that has a cycleway sign as highway=cycleway, this includes everything from side paths along vehicular roads, cycleways through nature and bicycle highways.
One difference between a bicycle path and a bicycle road is that a bicycle road connects major destinations in a similar way to how a highway=secondary or highway=primary connects destinations.
It is at least 3 meters wide and is completely separated. They are generally named. And the emergency services can use the cycleway if required.
This is different from cycleways that are not for transportation, they don’t have these properties, and cycleways that run along a vehicular road would also be considered a path even if they are very wide.
A cycleway that is a street (not to be confused with a cyclestreet) is a cycleway that has all the characteristics of a street like lighting, sewer, internet, sidewalks, and houses next to it. But does not allow cars and has a cycleway sign.
Also, in the Netherlands a lot of mopeds, mofas and disability micro cars use the cycleway network, which further complicates things.