Aviation Mapping Proposals

For the past two-and-a-half-months, I have been adding or updating all but the largest of the public and registered private airports in Ohio. (Being both my home state and the home of flight, I felt it only appropriate that it have good representation on OSM. Furthermore, as a result of former Governor Jim Rhode’s efforts, Ohio has at least one public use airport in almost every county – offering a representative sample of airports.) As part of the process, I began noticing places where types of features or tags could be improved (or were simply nonexistent) and started compiling a list of these deficiencies. They are as follows:

Additions

Questions

  • Should closed runways and taxiways be identified with ref=X?
    • I’ve encountered this on a number of occasions, but don’t see any mention of it in the documentation for aeroway=runway or aeroway=taxiway. It is my understanding is that lifecycle prefixes should be used instead.
    • This is based on the way out of service runways/taxiways are physically marked in real life.
  • Should lines for taxiways follow the painted centerlines exactly, or abstractly represent them?
    • For example, many taxiway intersections form a concave circular diamond (illustration). Should the lines follow the gentle curving painted centerlines or meet at 90 degree angles?
    • Note that the former would create more lines than the former.
  • Should there be a standard for leading zeroes in airport runway numbers?
    • e.g. “9/27” or “09/27”
    • The documentation for aeroway=runway only notes that there exists a different between the United States (does not use leading zero) and remainder of the world (uses leading zero) and does not prescribe a standard on OSM.
  • How should runway turnarounds and run-up areas be mapped?
    • It seems to be unclear what the official name for these areas is. I have encountered “turnarounds”, “turnouts” and “turn pads”.
    • I’ve encountered a few cases of them being mapped as aeroway=apron, but I’m not sure this is appropriate.
  • Should airport owners be included under operator for the feature?
    • Many smaller airports, while technically owned by a local municipality, leave the actual day to day operation of the facility up to a fixe-base operator. (e.g. The Clermont County Airport is owned by the Clermont County Commissioners, but run by Eastern Cincinnati Aviation.)
  • How should the paths that lead from a runway or taxiway to a beacon or navigation aid on airport grounds be tagged?
    • Using highway=service is not ideal, as it leads to a “disconnected from other roads and paths” warning.
  • How should the electrical/service cabinets adjacent to beacons or navigation aids on airport grounds be tagged?
    • These are the structures often painted with a red and white checkerboard pattern.

Advisories

  • Hangars are somewhat infrequently mapped with their open hangar doors as part of the roof, creating an incorrect footprint. A note in the documentation for aeroway=hangar similar to the suggestion to remember to square the feature may be helpful in preventing this.
  • Active hangars are often incorrectly tagged only as building=hangar without also aeroway=hangar.
    • It seems that users may not realize that the latter is necessary for hangars currently used to store airplanes.
  • Runways are periodically incorrectly tagged with their numbers in the name, rather than the ref field.
    • This mistake not specifically mentioned in the documentation for aeroway=runway, but it does include an explanation of each field that notes the numbers go in the ref field.
  • Similar to the mention of squaring hangars above, it might be useful to add an advisory to the documentation for aeroway=runway to straighten the feature.
  • The explanation of whether to use man_made:beacon, airmark_beacon or aeroway=navigationaid is confusing. So much so, that even though I know the difference between them, I temporarily find myself forgetting which one is which.
    • Unfortunately, this seems in part to be the result of the use of the term “beacon” to refer to both visual and radio frequency navigation devices in aviation generally.
  • The documentation for aerodrome:type mentions its use is not well defined. The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems offers one framework (illustration).
    • It is of course only verbatim useful for the United States, but could inform further discussions.

Visualization

  • Multiple features do not appear on the Transport Map when they likely should.
    • e.g. windsocks, beacons, navigation aids
  • Lines tagged aeroway=taxilane do not appear on the Standard layer. This is particularly egregious, as converting a taxiway to a taxilane leaves large blank areas and therefore promotes tagging for the renderer.
  • Multiple features would benefit from custom icons
    • e.g. sport=parachuting with a parachute icon, navigationaid=beacon with a lighthouse light icon

As a final note, please excuse me if this is the wrong place for this discussion. I wasn’t sure whether this should be posted on the OSM Wiki or here. (In any event, I didn’t feel like creating an account on the former for such a limited purpose.) I also checked if there was a more appropriate subforum, but didn’t find one. I figured someone more experienced might able to shepherd them through whatever approval process there is. Also, some of these aren’t really proposals as much as seeking clarification of existing policies. Furthermore, others I’m not really sure what the best approach is to handle the idea and am looking for suggestions.

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Documentation questions are better asked on wiki first, where it will be more organized in different pages and sections. Discourse forum is more suitable to be reserved for extended arguments when there are debates. This is too long. I will only discuss the proposals.

  • type= : Should not be used being a meaningless naming (everything is a “type”), and is used for data formats as =multipolygon
    • =AWOS , =ASOS : Specific national systems should not be in a generic attribute, but eg designation= / network=
    • =aerial : =ambulance_station is for land vehicles Tag:air_rescue_service=aeromedical - OpenStreetMap Wiki
    • =t-hangar : It may need to be eg hangar:shape= , as hangar= may be used for aeroway=hangar for functions. =t-hangar is repetitive, and there are 2 layouts, so it could be split into =stacked_t and =nested_t directly.
  • surface=emas : EMAS is not only materials (which is still a category of them), but an entire arrestor. Should be discussed as an attribute or feature. Proposal talk:Aeroway=stopway - OpenStreetMap Wiki
  • building=hangar_home : The disadvantage of those building= is the lack of scalability and compatibility. New building= won’t be supported immediately. building=house + house=hangar / hangar=yes is easier.
  • office=fixed-base_operator : Although this is an industry term, the naming isn’t obvious. Refer to office=railway etc. office=aviation | Tags | OpenStreetMap Taginfo
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My comments on some of your additions/questions:

Regarding windsocks/tetrahedron/wind tee and AWOS/ASOS

It would say the correct tagging would be with man_made=monitoring_station. So for example:
man_made=monitoring_station + monitoring:wind=yes + display:analog=yes - additionally you could add monitoring:wind:type=tetrahedron/wind_tee

This could be extended to AWOS/ASOS: monitoring:weather=yes + display=no (and I guess) recording:automatic=yes also suffix *:type as above: monitoring:weather:type=awos. monitoring:weather already has some use of ref:icao so there might be a case to add ref:faa for airports in the US

Should closed runways and taxiways be identified with ref=X?

No, as you already said please use the lifecycle prefix. From my understanding the ‘X’ markings are more used to cross out runway numbers and are therefore not the ‘new reference’. And on runways I have seen cases with no ‘X’ but with lights and/or construction barriers.

Should lines for taxiways follow the painted centerlines exactly, or abstractly represent them?

As with highways I would consider the centerline markings similar to lane markings. Therefore only one junction at 90°.

Should there be a standard for leading zeroes in airport runway numbers?

I personally would favor one (always include the leading ‘0’) but this is probably best to discuss in the wiki.

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First of all – thank you for your work, and all the clear thought that went into all these suggestions!

They generally look reasonable, and the ones about modifying the documentation on the wiki seem quite suitable to be just directly applied (either by you, if you are willing to make a wiki account, or someone else).

For the ones that were questions, I’d suggest splitting them out to multiple separate threads, as that will make it easier for people to respond to them without having to read thru this whole (long) post.

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For future reference, I found the correct type of feature for this. It’s building=service.

Thanks. It wasn’t listed on the wiki, so I missed it.

That is usually taken as meaning that somebody can physically enter the building to work.

If it’s only a “box”, it’s usually a Tag:man_made=street_cabinet - OpenStreetMap Wiki

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