Only when a neighboring country applies a special designation to its corner of the ocean or sea. For example, the Mar de Grau corresponds to Peru’s claim rather than the entire Pacific Ocean:
It probably would make sense to map the West Philippine Sea as a separate place=sea node from the existing South China Sea node, because the Philippines only claims the West Philippine Sea to extend as far as its EEZ; it doesn’t apply this name to the entire sea.
This is somewhat antithetical to the modern concept of international waters, harkening back to the older idea of spheres of influence. There’s a long history of maps that reflect spheres of influence through aspects other than label language, but this history is strongly tied to colonialism. Still, I can see how having an international body of water inherit a language from neighboring countries would look less jarring when superficially glancing at a map without deeply considering the choices it makes.
OSM’s concept of supporting a massively multilingual map, by largely putting the on-the-ground language in name=*, is unusual, almost without precedent in the history of cartography. Most maps aim to be useful to an individual reader, but there are very few panglots (people who speak every language).
Rather, our reason for putting so many languages into name=* is that we need to be able to justify the choice of language on first principles, regardless of the user’s nationality or language skills. There are inherent limitations to this approach, problems that have no perfect solution. One of these imperfect solutions is to lean on international law.
Fortunately, anyone who finds the English seas jarring can simply switch the entire map to their language, as long as they’re using a dynamically localized map, such as one powered by vector tiles:
Even a map that combines the user’s preferred language with the local language, such as OSM Americana, probably would not do so for most large-scale natural features that belong to Mother Nature more than any country in particular.